Overview Under the EU’s Zero Pollution action plan (targeting zero impact on health and the environment by 2050) the EU has revised the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED). Key changes are an order of magnitude reduction in many pollutant emission limits, use of measurement uncertainty in assessing process plant compliance with emission limits, and greater emphasis on regulating emerging pollutants (e.g. PFAS). However, there is not in place a fit for purpose framework of formerly validated measurement methods and guidance in determining uncertainties and then using these in compliance assessment. This project will address these gaps enabling monitoring and enforcement of this important revision by the emissions community. Objectives The overall aim of the project is to support the key changes in the revision of the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Article 15: Objectives 1 and 2, Article 15a: Objective 3 and Article 14: Objective 4) by developing capability for measuring and characterising pollutants. The specific objectives of the project are: To characterise CEN standard reference methods for HCHO (CEN/TS 17638) and HF (CEN/TS 17340) to determine if uncertainty targets of 40 % and 30 % (k = 2), respectively, can be met at the lowest end of the Associated Emission Level (AEL) range. This will include identifying real stacks at industrial installations for release of emission matrices and carrying out field validation campaigns. To develop dust modelling and stack flow simulator capability and to determine the impact of pitot tube insertion depth flow error on isokinetic sampling. In addition, to propose a revision to sampling standard EN 15259. To determine a metrologically sound approach for combining measured components and associated uncertainties for multi-species (e.g. heavy metals) and single-species (e.g. dust) measurands. In addition, to determine a metrologically sound use of uncertainty in legal compliance assessment. To develop a measurement method for sampling per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from industrial stacks including methods for handling of collected samples and analytical laboratory identification and quantification. These methods will be applied to real industrial processes to identify and quantify key species emitted from these processes. They will also be used to inform national regulators about the potential regulatory approach to PFAS for future monitoring requirements and appropriate emission limit levels. To facilitate the take up of the technology and measurement infrastructure developed in the project by the measurement supply chain, standards developing organisations (CEN/TC 264 ‘Air Quality’), and end users (e.g., national regulators, emissions monitoring organisations, Task Force Emissions). Regarding standards developing organisations, this will include submission of at least 2 proposals for full standards (EN designation), 2 proposals for CEN/TR, and presentations of project outputs at 2 annual plenary meetings of CEN/TC 264 ‘Air Quality’. In addition, presentation of project output to European Metrology Network Pollution Monitoring.